Apparatus for waving or curling hair



Nov. 3, 1931. H. v. soNNEN 1,829,970

APPARATUS FOR WAVING OR CURLING HAIR Filed June 23, 193C)V IN VEN TOR.

HEM? yo/v/VEM A TTORNEY Patented Nov. 3, 1931 UNITED STATES HENRY v. soNNnN, on JAMAICA, NEW YORK kAPIE'ARAIUS FOR WAVING 0R GURLIG HAIR Application filed June 23,

My invention relates to apparatus for curl-v ing or waving hair and particularly for producing what is kno-wn as the Marcel wave.

An object of my inventionis to provide a hair waving apparatushaving a form about 5 which the hair is Wound or coiled with means l for applying more heat to one part of` the form than another so as to concentrate the heat on the part of the hair strand which is to be curled and to preserve the rest of the strand from unnecessary heating.

A' Another object of the invention 1s to provide forms which `will produce curves in spaced parts of a lock of hair with straight uncurved parts intervening.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hair waving apparatus comprising two separable parts, one comprising the forms about which the hair is coiled and the other the heating unit which may be inserted into the forms.

Another object is to provide a casing with the heating means therein which casing when applied to the part containing the forms will form a sealed enclosure in which heat and 5, vapor is retained.

Another object is to provide the apparatus with a heat insulated base to protect the scalp.

Another object is to provide means for introducing the hair either through the base gg, of the apparatus or from the side.

Another object is to provide an instrument with which the hair may he conveniently coiled or wound about the forms.

Other objects of my invention will appear in the following description of an embodiment of my invention/and a modilication thereof and thereafter `the novelty and scope of the invention will be pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings;

Figure 1 is a view in perspective of my improved hair waving apparatus, showing how it is applied; v f

Figure 2 is a view of the apparatus in i3 longitudinal section, the section being taken substantially on the line 2*'-2 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 3 is a view of the apparatus in transverse section, the section being taken substantially on the line 3-3 of Fig2g 5o 4f a view in perspective ott-he appa- 1930. Serial No. 463,012.

ratus with the casing and heating elements thereof removed, the casing being indicated in broken lines;

Fig. 5 is a view in perspective of lthe moditied form of apparatus, showing the casing lifted o; and

Fig. 6 illustrates a front and side elevation of an instrument with which the hair may conveniently be wound around the Waver forms.

The apparatus7 shown in the drawings, comprises two, separable parts, one of which includes the forms about which the hair is coiled. The other part includes the heating units with which the forms are heated and a casing for retaining heat and moisture within the apparatus when it isiin use.

The form sectioncomprises a base plate 10 from which project a pair of tubular forms 11. These forms are substantially pearshaped Vin cross section, each comprising a semi-cylindrical portion 12 merging into a vpair of flat walls 18 which, meet at an acute angle.A The tubular forms are mounted on the base plate 10 with their angled edges facing inward or toward each other and they are set far enough apart so that a strand of hair coiled in S-torm about the forms will extend in straight lines from the cylindrical part of one form to the cylindrical part of the other, as indicated in broken lines in Fig. 3.

The base plate 10 is' provided with a notch 15 through which the hair is admitted into the apparatus. This notch extends to a point between the two forms 11. A clamping plate 16 is pivoted to the bottom of base plate near one corner by means of a screw 17. The clamping plate isf'ormed with a notch 18 of such depth that when the clamping plate is in closed position, as shown in Fig. 3, the inner end of the notch 15 will be uncovered by the inner end of the notch 18 forming a small clear opening 19. The clamping plate is provided with serrations 2O adapted to engage corresponding serrations, not shown,

on the bottom of the base plate so as to hold the clamping plate in the closed position. On the under face of the clamping plate 16 is a pad of felt 21 which is held in place by means of tabs 22 projecting from the clamping plate and bent under upon the felt pad. i

The base plate is termed with a marginal step 23 to receive the riln of a casing 24. This casing is closed at its outer end by a wall 25 and, as shown particularly in Fig. 2, is provided close to said wall with a transverse diaphragm 26. Secured to and projecting from this diaphragm are two tubes 27 which are in such position that when the casing is fitted upon the base plate, these tubes will enter the forms 11 and will be concentric with the semi-cylindrical portions 12 of the forms. The tubes open through the diaphragm and are preferably closed at their free ends. Vithin each tube 27 is a resistance coil 2S which is held in spaced relation with respect to the walls ot the tube by means of a plug of insulation 29 in the upper or inner end of the tube. The resistance coils are connected in series and are supplied with current through flexible leads 30 which enter the casing through a nipple 31, of insulation material secured to the wall 25. One of the side walls of' the casing is formed at its open end with a recess 32 which, however, is normally closed by a cover 33 pivoted to the casing. The purpose of this recess will be explained hereinatter.

In order to permit of coiling the hair conveniently between and about the forms, I provide an instrument 35 such as shown in Fig. 6. This instrument comprises a light rod provided near one end with a transverse notch 3G defined by a pair of lugs 37 and 38. To the lug 37, which is at the extreme end of the instrument a flat spring 39 is secured, being preferably countersunlr therein. The spring spans the notch 36 and is seated in a recess formed in the lug 38. The free end of the spring is curved outwardly -so that a strand or lock of hair may be readily inserted thereunder and introduced into the notch 36.

In use the casing with the heating units is first removed to permit of coiling a strand of hair about the forms. The clamping plate is opened, as shown in Fig. 4, and a strand of hair is introduced int-o the notch 15 thereafter the clamping plate is closed gripping the hair securely in the opening 19 and close to the scalp. The strand of hair is then seized by the instrument 3o and coiled in S-form about the tubular forms 11. The end of the strand is then caught under a spring clamp 40 secured to the tubes 11. This spring clamp, as shown in Fig. 2, consists or" an S-shaped strip of spring metal trom which depend a pair of outwardly bent spring fingers 4:1. The end ot the strand of hair may be very conveniently slipped under one of these spring clips. The clamp 40 constitutes a support 'for the outer ends of the forms 1l, serving to hold them properly spaced apart and relieving the strain of the forms caused by ceiling the hair tightly about them. The parts then assume the position shown in Fig. l, with the pady 21 bearing firmly against the head to vprotect the scalp from undue heat. The heating element is then fitted upon the form section and current is turned on. It will be noted that the semicylindrical walls 12 of the Jforms are much nearer to the heating elements than are the angular extensions formed by the walls 13. Consequently, the heat will be applied mainly to that part of the hair which is to be waved, while the straight portions of the hair between the waves do not receive as great an amount of heat. Vhile the casing is in position, the apparatus is substantially sealed and the moisture and vapor produced is conlined within the apparatus assisting in giving the hair the proper set. It will be noted that the marginal walls of the notch 15 are beveled so that there will be no sharp bend at the point where the hair enters the apparatus. 'In coiling the hair about the forms the operator may take the first turn about the left hand torni or about the right hand form depending upon whether a left or a right hand wave is desired.

A modified form of the apparatus is shown in Fig. 5. This form is adapted particularly for waving a short strand of hair or for putting a wave in a particular small part of a lock of hair. In order to reduce weight, the forms 11a, which are the same cross-section as the forms 11, are made much shorter. This apparatus may be used to produce a single wave in the hair or to produce a double wave therein, and instead of bringing the strand of hair in through the base of the apparatus, I provide for bringing the hair in from one side. It is Jfor this reason that the casing 24 is provided with the recess 32 therein. The base 10a of this modified apparatus is provided with a groove 1-2 leading inward from one side of the base plate to a point intermediate the forms 11e. A. U-shaped clip 43 fits over the groove 42 and is adapted to slide in undercut ways 43 formed in the base plate. This clip serves as a clamp to hold the strand of hair which is to be treated. In use, the strand of hair is introduced into the groove 42 and then is clamped therein by means of the clip 43 a'tter which the hair is given one or more turns about the forms 11a as desired and is held in place by a clip similar to that shown in Fig. The casing 24 may then be fitted upon the base plate with the tubes 27 inserted in the forms 11a. Preferably, however, a special heating section is used with this modified form section, which heating section diflers from that described above only in the tact that it is much shorter and hence lighter. Like the base platelO, the base place 10e is formed with a notch 15 and pivotcd l:hereto is a notched clamping plate 16 so that in the modified apparatus the hair may be intro duced through the base if so desired.

While I have described tvvo embodiments of my invention, it Will be'understood that these are to be taken as illustrative and not limitative of the invention and that I reserve the right to make such changes in construction, form and arrangement of parts as fall Within the spirit and scope of the following claims.

I claim:

l. In combination a form for Waving or curling hair, said form comprising an imperforate tubular member about Which the hair may be Wound and being susbtantially pear-shaped in cross-section, a cylindrical heating unit adapted to be inserted in the form but spaced therefrom, and means for holding the heating unit substantially concentric with the larger part of the pearshaped section.

2. In a hair Waving or curling apparatus, a pair of tubular forms each comprising a semi-cylindrical Wall and a pair of substair tially flat tangential extensions thereof forming an angle one With the other, a base on which the forms are mounted with their angles in mutually opposed and spaced relation, a pair of heating units adapted to be inserted into said forms respectively, and

means for holding said units substantially concentric With but in spaced relation to said semi-cylindrical walls.

3. In a hair Waving or curling apparatus, a pair of tubular forms each comprising a semi-cylindrical Wall and a pair of substantially fiat tangential extensions thereof forming an angle one With the other, `a base onv which the forms are mounted `With their angles in mutually opposed and spaced relation, a pair of heating units adapted to be inserted in said forms respectively, and means for holding said units concentric With but in spaced relation to said semi-cylindrical Walls, said means comprising a casing adapt` ed to enclose the forms and the heating units therein.

4. In a hair Waving or curling apparatus, a pair of tubular forms, a base plate on Which the forms are mounted in mutually spaced relation, a casing adapted to be fitted upon the base plate to encase said forms, and a pair of heating units carried by the casing and adapted to enter the forms respectively, said base plate beingl formed with an opening through whichthe hair to be waved may be introduced. Y

5. In a hair Waving or curling apparatus, a pair of tubular forms, a base plate on which the forms are mounted in mutually spaced relation, a casing adapted to be fitted upon the base plate to encase said forms, a pair of heating units carried by the casing and adapted to enter the forms respectively, said base plate being1 formed with anlopening niet@ ,errichtete-hair to? be waveamay te fintfrduced," and means for Yclamping the-hair in saidopening. v

"pair fftiibularfforms, a' base plate on which i the`fojrms14 are; jmounted in' mutually' spaced i, relation, clamping@ plated, pivotallyisecured to" the unider'face of the base plate, said`A base jjplate and clamping plate being j'iprovided with slots coacting) to' clanipfa strand'of hair which is. tolbe "Woundabout the forms, and'a jcasng adaptedlto be detachably secured'to 'n theifbas'ej'plate to enclose'I theforms, said fcas- `l 'ing beingprovided with heating' units proi g j eci-Jing: int'ofsaid forms respectively.

i 17. "In ahair wavingfor curling.rapparatus, a pairoftubnlarfforma :ibase plate en 'which ,the .forms -are .mounted1intmutuallyV spaced to the underfaceof. the 4base plate, 'and a'pad of'heat insulation' secured to the under face of the clamping plate, said base plate and clamping plate being provided with slots coacting to clamp a strand of hair which is to be Wound about the forms, and a casing adapted to be detachably secured to the base plate to enclose the forms, said casing being provided with heating units projecting into said forms respectively.

8. In a hair Waving or curling apparatus, i

a pair of tubular forms, a base plate on which the forms are mounted in mutually spaced relation, a clamping plate pivotally secured to the underface of the base plate, said base plate and clamping plate being provided With means coacting to clamp a strand of hair Which is to be Wound about the forms, and a casing detachably secured to the base plate toenclose the forms, said casing being provided With heating units projecting into said forms respectively, and a spring clamp adj ustable on the forms to clamp the hair Wound thereon.

9. In a hair Waving apparatus, a pair of tubular forms, a base plate on which the forms are mounted in mutually spaced relation, a casing detachably secured to the base plate and enclosing the forms, a pair of heating units carried by the casing and projecting into the forms, the parts being of such construction as to permit the entrance of a strand of hair laterally through the casing to the forms, and a clamp for securing the hair Within the apparatus.

10. In a hair Waving apparatus, a pair of tubular forms, a base plate on Which the forms are mounted in mutually spaced relation, a casing detachably fitted on the base plate to encompass the forms, a pair of heating units mounted in the casing and projecting into the forms, the casing having a lateral recess for the admission of a strand of hair therein, and a closure for said recess.

11. In a hair Waving apparatus, a pair of tubular formsj a support on which the forms are mounted 1n mutually spaced relation, a

Cit

casing adapted to encompass -the forms, a pair of heating units mounted in the casing,` and in position to enter the forms respectively, the casing havinga lateral recess for the admission of a strand of hair therein, a closure for said recess, and a clamp for securing the strand of hair t0 said support.

12. In a hair Waving apparatus, a pair of tubular forms, a support on which the forms are mounted in mutually spaced relation, a casing adapted to encompass the forms, a pair of heating' units mounted in the casing' and in position to enter the forms respectively, the casing having a lateral recess for the admission of a strand of hair therein, a closure for said recess, a clamp for securing the strand of hair to said support, and means for clamping the hair to said forms.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

HENRY V. SONNEN. 

